Vol. 56, Issue 1, pp. 133-147 (2026)

Abstract

The article proves the possibility of using polarization-division multiplexing to power-supply temperature and strain fiber-optic polarization sensors, along with maintaining their high sensitivity to measured quantities. The main advantages of sensors are their light weight, reliability, wide field of sensing and absence of electricity, which make them suitable for use in environments with a high possibility of an explosion. Polarization-division multiplexing increases the capacity of already existing single-mode routes and allows simultaneous power supplying of the sensor and data transmission on one wavelength. The article describes the development of a bidirectional sensor utilizing a polarization beam splitter, which is independent of the polarization state, thereby increasing its reliability and sensitivity to measured quantities. The high sensitivity and stability of the bidirectional sensor in measuring temperature and strain changes are confirmed by mathematical descriptions of the ongoing phenomena. The two-way, one-fiber sensor, which is based on a polarization beam splitter, represents an ideal solution due to its polarization independence. This type of sensor was tested for changes in temperature, pressure, tension, and deformation.